Reported speech
¿Cuándo utilizarlo?
Utilizamos Reported speech gramáticamente cuando queremos dar a conocer o
repetir la información que alguien dijo, ya sea que haya sido específicamente a
nosotros a un determinado público.
¿Cómo utilizarlo?
La manera en la cual reportemos dicha
información dependerá del tiempo gramatical en la cual la recibimos (direct
speech), de acuerdo a ellos se cambiará el tiempo (reported speech) como en la
siguiente tabla.
Direct speech
|
Reported speech
|
Simple present
|
Simple past
|
Present progressive
|
Past progressive
|
Simple past
|
Past perfect
|
Present perfect
|
Past perfect
|
Be going to
|
Was / were going to
|
Will
|
Would
|
Can
|
Could
|
Should
|
Should
|
De la misma manera que en el tiempo verbal,
se efectúa un cambio en los pronombres de la siguiente manera.
I, we, me, us, my, our, mine, ours
He, she, it, they, him, his, her, them,
their, hers, theirs
Cambio en expresiones de tiempo.
Direct speech
|
Reported speech
|
Today
|
That day
|
Tomorrow
|
The next day
|
Yesterday
|
The day before
|
Next week
|
The following week
|
Now
|
Then
|
Last week
|
The week before
|
Last Sunday
|
The Sunday before
|
Cambio en expresiones de lugar.
Direct speech
|
Reported speech
|
Here
|
There
|
Para
elaborar una oración en Reported speech
se puede hacer de 2 maneras:
1) Utilizando
say,
cuando se reporta algo que se dijo de manera general.
2) Utilizando
told,
cuando se reporta algo que se dijo específicamente a alguien (told me, told us,…)
Dichas
oraciones iniciarán con el nombre de la persona que dio la información o el
pronombre como sustituto de ello, seguido de la regla anterior y por último se
da el reporte de información cambiando el tiempo gramatical.
Lisa
/ She + said / told me + she was going to Mexico the next day
Tiempos gramaticales
|
Simple present
|
He / she / it + verbo –e –es –ies
I / you / we / they + Verbo presente
Auxiliar: DOES / DO
|
Simple past
|
Pronombre + verbo pasado simple
Auxiliar: DID
|
Present progressive
|
Pronombre + to be + Verbo –ing
|
Past progressive
|
Pronombre + WAS / WERE + verbo -ing
|
Past perfect
|
Pronombre + HAD + verbo pasado participio
|
Present perfect
|
Pronombre + HAVE / HAS + verbo pasado participio
|
Be going to
|
Pronombre + to be + going to + verbo
|
Was / were going to
|
Pronombre
+ WAS / WERE + going to + verbo
Ejemplos
1)
“Danielle
and Mark went to the movies last Saturday”
She told me they had
gone to the movies the Saturday before.
2)
“We’ve just eaten
our lunch here”
They said they had
just eaten their lunch there.
3)
“We lived
overseas for a few years”
She said they had
lived overseas for a few years.
4)
“I don’t
know any good jokes”
He said he didn’t
know any good jokes
5)
“Caro will
come later”
She
said Caro would
come later.
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